How It Works
Bottom Line: Bioresonance therapies are based on unproven theories. They are not recommended for diagnosing or treating cancer.
Bioresonance therapies (and other therapies that use electronic devices) usually claim to both diagnose diseased internal organs and "normalize" the body's electrical properties and wave emissions. This is based on unproven idea that unhealthy cells or organs emit altered electromagnetic waves and that changing these waves back to normal will heal the body. This theory is problematic for a number of reasons:
Electric current is not the same thing as electromagnetic waves. Devices used in Bioresonance measure electric current and resistance on the skin, which vary with the amount of moisture on the skin and with how much pressure the probe is being applied. Electromagnetic waves, on the other hand, are used in MRI diagnostic imaging and have been used experimentally to reduce pain in the joints.
These devices are often promoted for treating cancer. However, cancer is a disease caused by the accumulation of irreversible genetic mutations in tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes. Therefore, the idea that electric currents could reverse the fate of cancer cells does not hold.
Purported Uses
To diagnose and treat allergies
Clinical trials show that bioresonance therapy and electrodermal testing are not successful in diagnosing allergies. No scientific evidence supports this use.
To treat atopic dermatitis (eczema)
One clinical trial in children showed that bioresonance therapy was not effective in treating atopic dermatitis. No scientific evidence supports this use.
To treat asthma
No scientific evidence supports this use.
To treat cancer
No scientific evidence supports this use.
To treat rheumatoid arthritis
No scientific evidence supports this use.
Research Evidence
Diagnose allergies:
One study used 15 people with atopic dermatitis (eczema) and 15 people with no allergies (these diagnoses were made with the skin prick test, the "gold standard" for diagnosing allergies). All 30 subjects underwent electrodermal testing with the Vegatest machine, operated by trained individuals who had no prior knowledge of whether the subjects had allergies or not. About half the time, the Vegatest operators were wrong in their diagnoses, which suggests that electrodermal testing is not useful in diagnosing allergies.
In a second study, 57 patients underwent allergy testing with three different methods: electrodermal testing (EDT), skin prick testing, and serial dilution end-point titration. As in the previous study, skin prick test and EDT diagnoses agreed in only 41% of cases.
Treating atopic dermatitis (eczema):
The use of bioresonance therapy in treating severe eczema was studied in a clinical trial in Switzerland. Thirty-two children were randomly assigned to receive conventional therapy in combination witheither real or placebo bioresonance therapy twice a week for at least four weeks. (Placebo bioresonance therapy uses the same machine, but the machine is off, at incorrect frequencies, or is applied to incorrect areas of the body). Children in both treatment groups experienced immediate improvement of their disease bioresonance therapy did not appear to have an additive beneficial effect. The researchers concluded that, in light of its high costs, bioresonance therapy has no place in the treatment of children with eczema.
Warnings
The American Cancer Society urges cancer patients not to seek treatment with bioresonance therapies or other electronic devices.
Side Effects
None known
Special Point
The Food and Drug Administration has prosecuted numerous purveyors of electrical devices for making unsubstantiated health benefit claims.
Common Name
Electrodermal testing, bio-physical information therapy, BIT, bio-energetic therapy, energy medicine, vibrational medicine
Brand Name
(Devices): Dermatron, Accupath 1000, Vega, Interro, Hubbard E-Meter, Electro-Acuscope 80, Qi Gong Machine
Clinical Summary
Bioresonance therapy is available in clinics in Europe, Mexico, Florida and elsewhere in the U.S. This questionable method is used to diagnose and treat cancer, allergies, arthritis, and various chronic degenerative diseases. A variation known as electrodermal testing was developed as an aid in prescribing homeopathic remedies and is used in Europe for the diagnosis of allergies. Bioresonance is based on the claim that electromagnetic oscillations emitted by diseased organs and cancer cells vary from those emitted by healthy cells due to their differences in cell metabolism and DNA damage. No evidence supports these claims. Treatment may involve removal and replacement of dental alloys or amalgams, which are said to carry currents that "alter the body's electromagnetic circulatory system." The Food and Drug Administration has prosecuted numerous purveyors of electrical devices for making unsubstantiated health benefit claims
(9). A randomized, double-blind trial of bioresonance in the treatment of atopic dermatitis in children showed no efficacy
(3). Clinical trials evaluating electrodermal testing show no reliability in diagnosing allergies
(7). No clinical trials evaluate bioresonance therapy for use in cancer, likely due to its spurious scientific basis. The American Cancer Society advises patients not to seek treatment with unproved electronic devices
(4).
Purported uses
Allergies
Asthma
Atopic dermatitis
Cancer treatment
Rheumatoid arthritis
Mechanism of Action
Bioresonance is based upon the unproved premise that the electromagnetic oscillations emitted by damaged organs and cancer cells vary from those emitted by healthy cells due to their differences in cell metabolism and DNA damage. An electrical device supposedly detects these differences and can determine which organs are affected and "cancel out" their diseased signal via destructive wave interference
(1) (2).
Electrodermal testing developed as an aid in prescribing homeopathic remedies; medicines are tested "to determine how well they resonate with the individual or how similar they are to the body frequencies needing enhancement to overcome an illness." Practitioners claim the wave emission from homeopathic medicines or allergens is measured through the device and is modulated through the patient's autonomic nervous system, influencing skin resistance
(4) (6). No evidence supports any of these claims.
Some proponents claim the device naturally kills tumor cells by releasing "suppressed" tumor suppressor genes or attenuating overactive oncogenes. This hypothesis is untenable because of the irreversibility of most cancer-causing genetic mutations. An evaluation of one device found that a galvanic skin response of low resistance was not a reliable indicator of vertebral pathology, and that the device produced a low-resistance reading after 5 seconds of application to any point on the body
(7) (8). Proponents of bioresonance often confuse electric current with electromagnetic waves, which have different physiological effects.
Warnings
The American Cancer Society urges cancer patients not to seek treatment with bioresonance or other electronic devices.
(4)
Adverse Reactions
None known
Herb-Drug Interactions
None known
Literature Summary and Critique
References
- New Hope Clinic web site. Available at http://newhopeclinic.com. Accessed August 26th, 2009.
- Barrett S. 'Electrodiagnostic' devices. BioResonance Tumor Therapy. Quackwatch web site. Available at http://www.quackwatch.org/01QuackeryRelatedTopics/
Cancer/bioresonance.html. Accessed August 26th, 2009.
- Schoni MH, Nikolaizik WH, Schoni-Affolter F. Efficacy trial of bioresonance in children with atopic dermatitis. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1997;112:238-46.
- American Cancer Society. Questionable methods of cancer management: electronic devices. Ca: Cancer J Clin 1994;44:115-27.
- Nansel DD, Jansen RD. Concordance between galvanic skin response and spinal palpation findings in pain-free males. J Manipulative Physiol Ther 1988;11:267-72.
- Royal FF, Royal DF. Homeopathy and EDT: upheld by modern science - with case histories. Am J Acupuncture 1992;20:55-66.
- Lewith GT, et al. Is electrodermal testing as effective as skin prick tests for diagnosing allergies? A double blind, randomized block design study. BMJ 2001;322:131-4.
- Krop J, et al. A double-blind comparison of electrodermal testing with serial dilution end-point titration and skin prick tests for allergy to house dust mite. Am J Acupuncture 1998;26:53-62.
- Federal Trade Commission. Bogus Cancer Cure Guru Settles FTC Charges. October 28, 2002. Accessed August 26th, 2009.