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The pituitary gland is a small, pea-sized gland at the base of the brain, located just above the back of the nose and near the nerves that carry signals from each eye into the brain (called optic nerves).
Approximately seven percent of brain tumors develop in the pituitary gland. Tumors in the pituitary gland are diagnosed in some 1,300 people in the United States each year. Almost all pituitary tumors are slow-growing "adenomas," or noncancerous tumors. Pituitary adenomas are classified on the basis of whether or not they produce hormones. Those that produce hormones are called "functioning tumors" and can cause various symptoms depending on the type of hormone they secrete. Others, called "non-functioning tumors," do not produce hormones and may not require treatment unless they grow large enough to cause symptoms.
