This information explains how to do a monthly skin exam to check for melanoma. You can do the exam yourself or with the help of a spouse, partner, family member, or friend.
Melanoma
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer. It’s easier to treat melanoma if it’s found at an early stage. It’s important to have regular skin exams with your dermatologist (skin doctor) to check for signs of melanoma.
You should also check your skin yourself once a month to look for new or changing skin spots or moles. This may help you find melanoma as early as possible.
How to Do Your Monthly Skin Exam
Follow these steps when checking your skin:
- Do your skin exam in a well-lit room so you can see any spots on your body.
- You can do your skin exam alone, but it may be a good idea to ask someone to check your scalp, back, and other areas that may be hard for you to see.
- Use the body maps at the end of this resource to write down and monitor any spots on your skin. At your next appointment, tell your healthcare provider about any area of concern. Bring the body maps with you.
- Make it easy to remember to do your monthly exam. Mark days on your calendar for doing your skin exam. You can also add a reminder on your smartphone.
What to Look for During Your Monthly Skin Exam
When checking your skin, look for spots that are:
- Different: A spot that is a different size, color, or shape than the other spots on your body.
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Uneven: A spot that has an uneven border (edge) shape, color, or texture. The ABCDs of melanoma can help remind you of what to look for when checking for uneven spots:
- A - Asymmetry: Half the spot doesn’t look like the other half.
- B - Border: The borders of the spot are uneven.
- C - Color: The spot is more than 1 color.
- D - Diameter: The spot is bigger than ¼ inch (6 millimeters), which is about the size of a pencil eraser.
- Changing: A spot that has changed. This includes a change in the size, shape, texture, color, or surface (such as bleeding). Check for any new symptoms, such as itching or tenderness.
Watch the video below for more information about melanoma and the signs to look out for when checking your skin.
How to Check Your Skin
Follow these steps when doing your monthly skin exam:
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Gather your supplies. You will need:
- Full-length mirror
- Hand-held mirror
- Comb or hair dryer
- Your body map
- Pen or pencil to fill in your body map and table
- Start by checking your moles and birthmarks for any changes. Remember to look for the ABCDs of melanoma. Look out for any sores that haven’t healed.
- Then, check your upper body. Look at your face, neck, and ears in the mirror.
- Check your scalp. Use a comb or a hair dryer on a cool setting to move your hair so that you can see your skin better. You can ask someone to help you with this.
- Look closely at your fingernails, palms of your hands, forearms, and upper arms.
- Look at the front and back of your body in the full-length mirror. Use the hand mirror to get a closer look at spots or to help you check the back of your body. Lift your breasts to check the skin underneath.
- Raise your arms and look at your left and right sides, and underarm areas.
- Check the back, front, and sides of your legs.
- Look in between your buttocks and around your genital area.
- Sit down and look closely at your feet. Look at your toenails, the space between your toes, and the soles of your feet.
Call your healthcare provider if you have any questions.
What to Do If You Find Any New or Changing Skin Spots
If you find any new or changing skin spots, mark where they are on the body map, located in this section, or take a photo. Then, call your dermatologist. It may not be melanoma, but your dermatologist will let you know if you should see them sooner than your regularly scheduled appointment.
Take a photo
If there is a spot that you’re concerned about, you can take a photo of it to show your dermatologist. For more tips on how to take a photo of your skin or spot, read our resource How to Take Pictures of Your Skin for Your Healthcare Provider and How to Take Pictures of Your Scalp for Your Healthcare Provider .
You can send your photo to your MSK dermatologist using your MyMSK account. MyMSK is our patient portal. If you don’t have a MyMSK account, visit my.mskcc.org, call your doctor for an enrollment ID, or call 646-227-2593 to sign up. For more information, talk with someone in your dermatologist’s office or watch the video How to Enroll in MyMSK: Memorial Sloan Kettering's Patient Portal.
Mark it on your body map
If there is a spot that you’re concerned about, mark its location on your body map. Use the table to record the date you saw it, its size (such as size of a pencil eraser), and what it looks like (such as dark brown and rough).
Bring your body map and table with you to your next dermatology appointment.
