These instructions explain how to use good posture and body mechanics during your daily tasks and activities.
- Posture is the way you position your body when you’re sitting, standing, and moving.
- Body mechanics is a general term that describes how you use your body to do activities.
These instructions are for people who have a perineal incision and need to avoid sitting while the incision is healing. A perineal incision is a surgical cut between your anus and genitals (penis or vagina).
If you do not have a perineal incision or your care team has told you it’s safe to sit, follow the instructions in Safe Movements and Posture With an Ostomy: Instructions for People Who Can Sit.
Why are good posture and body mechanics important?
It’s especially important for people who have an ostomy to use good posture and body mechanics. When you use good posture and body mechanics, you put less pressure and strain on your abdomen (belly). This helps protect your ostomy and surgical incisions (cuts). It also lowers your risk of a parastomal hernia.
A parastomal hernia is when part of your intestine pokes through a weak area in your abdominal muscles. It forms a bulge under your skin near your stoma. Strain and pressure inside your abdomen can raise your risk for getting a parastomal hernia.
What to do before following these instructions
Talk with your healthcare provider before you start following these instructions. You may need to avoid some of these positions and movements. Or, you may need to do them in a different way. This depends on your cancer treatment plan and the exact surgery you had.
Your care team will talk with you about movements to avoid while your incisions are healing. Follow their instructions. Contact them if you have any questions.
In general:
- Do not lift or carry anything heavier than 10 pounds (4.5 kilograms) for 6 weeks after surgery. For example, a full laundry basket or a large trash bag usually weighs more than 10 pounds. After 6 weeks, you can slowly start lifting and carrying heavier objects. Talk with your care team if you have any questions.
- Avoid pushing or pulling moderate to heavy objects as much as you can for 6 weeks after surgery. A full grocery cart or large garbage pail with trash in it are examples of moderate to heavy items. After 6 weeks, you can slowly start pushing and pulling heavier objects. Talk with your care team if you have any questions.
- Avoid sitting as much as you can. This gives your perineal incision time to heal. Your care team will tell you when it’s safe to start sitting. When they do, you can start following the instructions in Safe Movements and Posture With an Ostomy: Instructions for People Who Can Sit.
- If you had plastic surgery along with colorectal surgery, your abdominal (belly) incision and your perineal incision need more time to heal. Your surgical teams gave you limitations for sitting, lifting, and carrying. Please speak with your surgeon and Wound, Ostomy, Continence (WOC) nurse before you start to sit or lift or carry more weight.
General guidelines
- Your WOC nurse will talk with you about wearing an abdominal support garment (abdominal binder) while your stoma heals. In general, you should wear the binder when you’re doing all your daily activities. Follow your WOC nurse’s instructions for putting it on and wearing it.
- We encourage you to walk as you recover after your surgery. Walk at a comfortable pace. Be sure to wear non-skid footwear. Read How to Choose Safe Shoes to Prevent Falling to learn more.
- If you’re following these instructions and feel pain or discomfort that does not go away, stop. Contact your surgical team for guidance.
How to get in and out of bed
Remember to breathe as you do these movements. Do not hold your breath.
Getting into bed
There’s more than one way to safely get into bed. Use whichever way is easier or more comfortable. If your care team tells you to follow certain steps, follow their instructions.
Option 1
- Stand facing the bed. Place both hands on the bed near the pillow. Turn your hands so your fingers are pointing toward the pillow, if you can.
- Gently bring one knee up onto the bed.
- Once you’re stable, bring your other knee onto the bed so you’re on your hands and knees.
- Move so you’re aligned with the pillow. Slowly lower yourself onto your belly or side. From there, roll onto your side or back.
Option 2
- Stand with the back of your knees touching the side of bed.
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Slowly lower yourself to sit on the buttock (butt) cheek closest to the pillow. Use the arm closest to your pillow for support.
- Do not sit evenly on both butt cheeks. Sitting evenly on both butt cheeks places too much pressure on your perineal incision.
- Lower yourself to your side, using your hands and elbow to brace yourself and control your speed. As you do, bring your legs up onto the bed.
- If you want to lie on your back, push your hands into the bed to roll yourself. Avoid twisting your spine.
Getting out of bed
There’s more than one way to safely get out of bed. Use whichever way is easier or more comfortable. If your care team tells you to follow certain steps, follow their instructions.
Option 1
- Start by lying on your side. Bend the arm you’re lying on. Bring your other arm over your body.
- Slowly push yourself onto your hands and knees. Avoid holding your breath. Carefully move towards the side of the bed.
- Gently move your leg closest to the side of the bed to the floor.
- Once you’re steady, move your other foot to the floor.
- Use your arms to push yourself up to stand.
Option 2
- Start by lying on your side facing the edge of the bed. Bend the arm you’re lying on. Bring your other arm over your body.
- Push your elbow and hand into the bed to raise your upper body. As you do, slide your legs off the bed until your weight is on one butt cheek. Be careful not to sit evenly on both butt cheeks.
- Push with your arms and legs to stand.
How to have good standing posture
Repeat these steps to reset your posture throughout the day and while you’re doing your daily tasks. This will help you remember to have good posture. It will also help train your muscles to hold good posture.
To have good standing posture:
- Stand with your feet hip-width apart.
- As well as you can, stand up straight with your ears, shoulders, and hips in a straight line.
- Straighten your spine to stand as tall as you comfortably can. Avoid arching your back too much.
- Tighten your abdominal (ab) muscles by pulling your belly button towards your spine.
Tips for good standing posture
- Use a mirror to check your standing posture the first few times. Over time, you will naturally remember what good posture feels like.
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You can also use a wall to check your standing posture. Stand with your back against the wall. With good posture, your heels, butt, shoulders, and head should touch the wall.
- Do not force any movements or positions that are uncomfortable. It’s OK if you can’t make full contact with the wall. Keep practicing so your posture gets better over time.
How to bend over and lift an object
It may be helpful to use a nearby surface for support. If there isn’t a nearby surface, place a chair next to the object. You can lift the object and place it on the surface or chair as an in-between step.
There’s more than one way to safely bend over and lift objects. Use whichever way is easier or more comfortable. If your care team tells you to follow certain steps, follow their instructions.
Squat lift
- Stand in front of the object with your feet hip-width apart, or wider if it’s more comfortable.
- Keeping your chest upright and back straight, pull your belly button to your spine to engage your abdominal muscles (abs). Don’t hold your breath — remember to breathe.
- Bend your knees to lower your body to the object. Keep your chest upright and back straight.
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If you’re picking up the object, grab it with both hands. Bring it as close to your chest and body as you can. Use your arms for extra support as needed.
- If the object is small, you can hold it close to your chest in one hand. With your other hand, use a nearby surface or chair for balance and support.
- To stand, push through both of your heels and legs until you’re standing. Remember to keep your back straight and avoid twisting your spine. If you’re picking up the object, keep it close to your body.
½ kneel into stand
- Stand in front of the object. Move one of your feet to the side of the object. Move your other foot to the side and behind you, if it’s comfortable. Your feet should be about shoulder-width apart.
- Keeping your chest upright and back straight, pull your belly button to your spine to engage your abs. Don’t hold your breath — remember to breathe.
- Bend your knees to lower your body until your back knee gently touches the floor. Keep your chest upright and back straight.
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If you’re picking up the object, grab it with both hands. Bring it as close to your chest and body as you can. Use your arms for extra support as needed.
- If the object is small, you can hold it close to your chest in one hand. With your other hand, use a nearby surface or chair for balance and support.
- To stand, push through your front foot and heel and the toes on your back foot until you’re standing. Remember to keep your back straight and avoid twisting your spine. If you’re picking up the object, keep it close to your body.
How to carry objects
- Keeping your chest upright and back straight, pull your belly button to your spine to engage your abs. Don’t hold your breath — remember to breathe.
- If you’re carrying a single object, use both hands. Keep the object as close to your body as you can. Avoid twisting your back and spine.
- If you’re carrying more than one object, balance the weight evenly between both shoulders, arms, and hands.
- When you can, make more than one trip to help lessen strain on your body.
How to push an object
Before you start, make sure there’s a clear path in front of the object. Take breaks as needed and avoid injury.
To push an object:
- Stand in front of the object with your feet hip-width apart. Step one of your feet forward so it’s a little bit in front of you.
- Keeping your weight centered over your hips, bend your front knee and place your hands securely on the object.
- Keeping your chest upright and back straight, pull your belly button to your spine to engage your abs. Don’t hold your breath — remember to breathe.
- Lean your body weight into your hands on the object. At the same time, push with your back foot. Remember to keep breathing.
- When the object moves, step your back foot forward. Repeat the steps above.
How to pull an object
Before you start, make sure there’s a clear path behind you. Take breaks as needed and avoid injury.
To pull an object:
- Stand in front of the object with your feet hip-width apart. Step one of your feet backward so it’s a little bit behind you.
- Keeping your weight centered over your hips, bend your back knee and place your hands securely on the object.
- Keeping your chest upright and back straight, pull your belly button to your spine to engage your abs. Don’t hold your breath — remember to breathe.
- Lean your body weight backwards, pulling the object with your hands. Remember to keep breathing.
- When the object moves, step your front foot backward. Repeat the steps above.
