Disease-Free Probability and Overall Survival After Treatment for Rectal Cancer

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This clinical calculator is a tool designed to predict the likelihood of surviving free of rectal cancer five years after undergoing multimodal therapy (treatment that combines chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery) to remove cancerous tissue. This tool also predicts the likelihood of surviving at least five years after undergoing multimodal therapy for rectal cancer. It is appropriate for patients whose rectal cancer has shown no evidence of distant metastasis or spread to other organs beyond the rectum or regional lymph nodes before multimodal therapy or at the time of multimodal therapy.

Results produced by this tool are based on data from patients treated at large research institutions with physicians who perform a high volume of rectal cancer procedures. All results must be understood in the context of each patient’s specific treatment plan. Patients and caregivers using this tool should discuss the result with the patient’s physician.

To gather the information required to use this clinical calculator, use our worksheet.

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Did you have a complete pathological response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy?
Note: Complete pathologic response, also denoted as pT0N0, can be found in the pathology report.
years (15 to 90)
Note: T stage is determined by pathology (not clinical T stage determined by radiology), sometimes denoted at ypT2, etc. This prediction tool is only applicable for T stages T1 to T4. Indicating the substage by letter (e.g., a or b) is not required.
More on T Staging
The T stages are part of the TNM Staging System, which uses TNM classifications to describe the extent of cancer in a patient's body. T describes how deep the tumor has invaded into the colon wall; N describes whether regional lymph nodes are involved and, if so, how extensively; and M describes whether distant metastasis (spread of cancer from one body part to another) is present. The system is maintained by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC) and the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and is updated periodically.
Was the tumor distance from the anal verge greater than 5 cm?
Note: This information can be found in the colonoscopy, proctoscopy, or MRI report. The surgeon may also note this in the office visit or operative note.
What is the anal verge?
The anal verge refers to where the anal canal connects to the outside skin at the anus.
(0 to 24+)
Was cancer present in or around the nerves?
What is perineural invasion?
Perineural invasion means that cancer cells were found in or around the nerves near the rectum.
Was cancer present in the blood vessels?
What is venous invasion?
Venous invasion means that cancer cells were found in the vessels of the rectum.

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